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Il sito archeologico Su Nuraxi di Barumini, che si trova nella Sardegna centrale, su un’altura che domina una vasta e fertile pianura, rappresenta il più famoso esempio di complessi difensivi dell’Età del Bronzo caratteristici dell’isola conosciuti come nuraghi. Costruito nel secondo millennio a.C. e occupato fino al terzo secolo d.C., il nuraghe di Barumini è costituito dalla caratteristica massiccia torre centrale a tronco di cono, originariamente alta più di 18 metri, realizzata con pietre molto grandi disposte a secco in cerchi concentrici sovrapposti che si stringono verso la sommità. La costruzione era destinata ad una singola famiglia ma successivamente, seguendo l’evoluzione politica e sociale dell’isola, la torre fu inglobata in una struttura composta da quattro torri unite da un muro in pietra e con il cortile coperto da un tetto. Nel tempo fu costruita una seconda cinta di mura e il nuraghe divenne un villaggio fortificato, un piccolo insediamento urbano abitato dalle famiglie dei soldati e da artigiani.
La civiltà nuragica svolse un ruolo importante nella diffusione della cultura micenea e, in seguito, di quella fenicia anche se alcune sue peculiarità, forse perché estranee alla cultura greca classica, rimangono avvolte dal mistero.
Sardegna
